Oval glass-fronted brass pendant reliquary theca housing the first-class ex ossibus (of the bone) relic of an early Christian Martyr Saint Maximus of Rome. The relic is affixed to a red silk ground and identified in Latin on a manuscript cedula label as S. Maximi M. (Saint Maximus, Martyr). On the back, under a protective cap, the theca is secured with a perfectly preserved seal of red Spanish wax bearing an imprint with a coat of arms of Fr. Antonio Cantoni (†1781), Bishop of Faenza, Italy (1742–1767) and Archbishop of Ravenna, Italy (1767–1781).
Saint Maximus of Rome († 250) was a Christian saint who was martyred by the emperor Decius for refusing to venerate busts of the deified emperors. He was tortured on the rack and by being beaten with rods, but because he would not recant, Optimus ordered him lapidated. On May 4, 250, Maximus was led outside the city walls and stoned to death. His feast day in the Roman Catholic Church is April 30.